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SOURCE FILE:     quorum_demo_c3_b6.yaml
TABULATED FILE:  quorum_demo_c3_b6_tabulated.txt
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election_title: Quorum — an abstention still counts toward turnout
scenario_description: |-
  A 10-member board (eligible_voters: 10). Six members submit a ballot — five
  score the candidates, and one turns in a BLANK ballot (an abstention). No
  explicit quorum is set, so the engine's default applies: a majority (>50%) of
  eligible voters must participate — i.e. at least 6 of 10.

  The teaching point (ties quorum to abstention): the blank ballot is the SIXTH
  participant. A cast abstention is still participation, so it counts toward
  quorum — and here it is exactly what carries turnout from 5 (not enough) to 6
  (quorum met). Drop the abstention and quorum would FAIL. The abstainer changed
  no candidate's score, but their presence made the election valid.

  → Concept: 07_Concepts/topics/quorum.md

voting_method: STAR
num_winners: 1
eligible_voters: 10   # the electorate (aliases: electorate / registered_voters)
# quorum omitted -> default = majority (>50%) of eligible voters = at least 6.

ballots: |-
  Anna, Ben, Cara
  5, 0, 0
  5, 1, 0
  4, 0, 1
  0, 5, 0
  1, 4, 0
  -, -, -    # blank ballot: an abstention — counts toward quorum, scores no one

expected_winners:
  - Anna

# file: quorum_demo_c3_b6.yaml

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TABULATION RESULTS
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=== Quorum — an abstention still counts toward turnout ===
  A 10-member board (eligible_voters: 10). Six members submit a ballot — five
  score the candidates, and one turns in a BLANK ballot (an abstention). No
  explicit quorum is set, so the engine's default applies: a majority (>50%) of
  eligible voters must participate — i.e. at least 6 of 10.

  The teaching point (ties quorum to abstention): the blank ballot is the SIXTH
  participant. A cast abstention is still participation, so it counts toward
  quorum — and here it is exactly what carries turnout from 5 (not enough) to 6
  (quorum met). Drop the abstention and quorum would FAIL. The abstainer changed
  no candidate's score, but their presence made the election valid.

  → Concept: 07_Concepts/topics/quorum.md
 Quorum: 6 of 10 eligible voters participated (60% turnout); requires more than 50% (>= 6). MET.

--- Runoff (Preference) Matrix ---
Head-to-head / pairwise comparison
Legend: For - Equal Support - Against
        * indicates Top 2 Finalist
               |   * Anna   |  * Ben    |    Cara   |
-----------------------------------------------------
      * Anna > |    ---     |3 - 1 - 2  |4 - 2 - 0  |
       * Ben > | 2 - 1 - 3  |   ---     |3 - 2 - 1  |
        Cara > | 0 - 2 - 4  |1 - 2 - 3  |   ---     |

[Condorcet Winner]
  Condorcet Winner: Anna — matches the STAR winner

[Condorcet Loser]
  Condorcet Loser: Cara — loses every head-to-head matchup

--- STAR Voting Method (single winner) ---
[STAR Voting]
 Tabulating 6 ballots. Note: 1 of 6 ballots is marked as an abstention.
Anna,Ben,Cara
   5,  0,   0
   5,  1,   0
   4,  0,   1
   0,  5,   0
   1,  4,   0
   -,  -,   -
  ('-' = left blank / abstained; '0' = scored zero — both count as 0 stars.)

[Score Distribution] (how many ballots gave each star rating)
                Score
Candidate  5  4  3  2  1  0  Abs  | Total  Avg all  Avg rated
Anna       2  1  0  0  1  1    1  |    15      2.5        3.0
Ben        1  1  0  0  1  2    1  |    10      1.7        2.0
Cara       0  0  0  0  1  4    1  |     1      0.2        0.2
  Avg all   = Total / all ballots — a blank counts as 0, so this is the Total the Scoring Round ranks on, per ballot.
  Avg rated = Total / the ballots that scored this candidate (Abs excluded) — support among voters who had an opinion.

[STAR Voting: Scoring Round]
 The two highest-scoring candidates advance to the next round.
   Anna          -- 15 -- First place
   Ben           -- 10 -- Second place
   Cara          --  1
 Anna and Ben advance.

[STAR Voting: Automatic Runoff Round]
 The candidate preferred in the most head-to-head matchups wins.
   Anna          -- 3 -- First place
   Ben           -- 2
   Equal Support -- 1
 Anna wins.
   Runoff math:
     6  ballots cast
   − 1  Equal Support (no preference between the two finalists)
     ─
     5  voters with a preference  (majority = 3)
           Anna 3 (60%)  ·  Ben 2 (40%)

[STAR Voting: Winner — STAR Voting Method (single winner)]
 Anna